Stars Ignite: How Stars and Clusters Form Over 700,000 Years

By Robert Sanders

Like fireworks bursting through a smoky haze, protostars ignite within colossal filaments of gas in a new supercomputer simulation of stars forming inside molecular clouds.

The simulation covers 700,000 years, and is based on computer code created by UC Berkeley astrophysicist Richard Klein to capture the effects of radiation, magnetic fields, gravity and other physical phenomena and paint a realistic portrait of star formation. Klein, who also has an appointment at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, worked with Chris McKee, a UC Berkeley professor of physics and of astronomy, research specialist Pak Shing Li and their students at UC Berkeley.

Run on NASA’s most powerful supercomputer, Pleiades, at the Advanced Supercomputing facility at NASA’s Ames Research Center, the simulation will help answer fundamental scientific questions about the processes involved in the formation of individual stars and stellar clusters in our own galaxy and other galaxies.

The evolution of a young star cluster beings with a giant cloud of interstellar gas and dust collapsing under the force of gravity. Inside the cloud, turbulent clumps of gas form and then collapse. The collapsed clumps form star clusters, and then the magnetized, swirling cores further evolve to form individual or small groups of stars.

The science team is enhancing the code to produce new simulations that will allow them to zoom in on the formation of stellar disks — pancake-shaped disks of gas and dust surrounding protostars that are believed to be the first stage of planet formation.

Editor’s Note: The US Will See an Amazing Total Solar Eclipse in 2017

NAS Division astrophysicist David Hathaway talks to PC World about the upcoming 2017 solar eclispe — the first total solar eclipse to be visible in the continental US since 1979. Hathaway says it’s a must-see event — the next chance to see one won’t be until 2024. Read More